In addition to routine and complicated cataract surgery, cornea and external disease encompasses many other aspects of ophthalmology.
Refractive surgery is relatively new to ophthalmology. Cornea and external disease specialists usually have additional training in this field. While there are several treatment options in the field of refractive surgery, laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) is the refractive surgery with which most patients are familiar. This surgery can be used to correct varying degrees of nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism. Click on the link above to schedule a complimentary refractive evaluation to discuss your options.
Almost 50,000 cornea transplants are performed in the United States each year. Some of the reasons why patients need cornea transplants are discussed below:
Corneal ectatic disorders such as keratoconus are another common reason for referral to a cornea and external disease specialist. These disorders are characterized by a progressive change in the shape of the cornea that results in a decrease in vision. Contact lenses are of benefit and obviate the need for surgery in most cases. However, a small proportion of patients progress to the point where they need a cornea transplant.
Corneal ulcers are progressive thinning of the cornea that is usually caused from an infectious agent such as bacteria. Eye drops are the initial treatment of choice. If the cornea will not heal or a scar results once healing is complete then a cornea transplant may be needed.
Dystrophies of the cornea are disorders that are passed on from family members. Many patients are not aware they have a dystrophy and never need surgery. Some patients do progress and notice a decrease in vision or irritation. A cornea transplant may be necessary in some of these patients.
Many patients have Dry Eye Syndrome (DES) consisting of chronic redness, irritation and foreign body sensation in one or both eyes. The treatment of DES largely consists of supplemental eye drops and in some cases correcting any underlying inflammatory component.