Hysteroscopy
The hysteroscopy involves filling the uterus with carbon dioxide gas (or other special media) causing it to expand. The hysteroscope is inserted through the vagina into the uterus allowing close examination. Congenital abnormalities such as a uterine septum, fibroids, polyps, and adhesions may be seen, and can be repaired by a reproductive endocrinologist.
(See section on reproductive surgery )
Sonohysterogram
The sonohysterogram is another means to evaluate the uterus (but not the Fallopian tubes). In this procedure, the uterus is filled with saline solution causing it to expand. The vaginal probe ultrasound (ultrasound probe inserted into the vagina) is used to visualize the uterus. The contrast media (saline solution) makes conditions such as fibroids and polyps visible.